Q. Discuss the contribution of computers in our-telecommunicntion system. (39 BPSC/1993)ORWhat is the importance of – computer in modem communication. (44 BPSC/2002)ORComment on the state of computer technology in India today, How this has benefited the masses (people)? In this context point out the possible uses to which super-computer could be put? (42 BPSC/1999)

Q. Discuss the contribution of computers in our-telecommunicntion system. (39 BPSC/1993)ORWhat is the importance of – computer in modem communication. (44 BPSC/2002)ORComment on the state of computer technology in India today, How this has benefited the masses (people)? In this context point out the possible uses to which super-computer could be put? (42 BPSC/1999)

Ans:

A computer is a electronic machine that helps to process data. It is used to solve problems relating to almost all fields such as education, home, medicine, S&T, research, communication etc. The computer performs processes, calculations and operations based on data and instructions provided.

Telecommunications are the means of electronic transmission of information over distances. It is transmitted through a transmission medium, such as over physical media, for example, over electrical cable, or via electromagnetic radiation through space such as radio or light. The information may be in the form of voice telephone calls, data, text, images, or video. Some examples of Telecommunications systems are telephone network, the radio broadcasting system, computer networks and the Internet. The nodes in the system are the devices we use to communicate with, such as a telephone or a computer.

Importance of – computer:

• In telecommunicntion system:
  • The telecommunicntion networks are run by computers.
  • Computers constitutes the nodes in the telecommunicntion network.
  • It works as sending and receiving device that initiates an instruction to transmit and accept data, instructions, or information.
  • Internet: Computers can process data at approximately 20 million bytes per second so it is easy for them to download and instantly display almost any text email.
  • Voice-Over-Internet Protocol — or VOIP — replaced the need for landline telephones in many instances.
  • Social networking sites including Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn allow users to rapidly generate content for people in their network to view.
    • These computer tools have taken communication a step further than email due to their ability to instantly communicate life and status updates to an entire network of people who can respond and comment to such notes in real time.
  • Routing:
    • Routers are types of computers used to direct communication traffic. They are crucial to the efficient and correct distribution of calls, emails or another Internet traffic.
  • Use by telecommunication companies in palnning, implementation and monitoring phases of the projects.
  • Increasing trend of virtual meeting, online study etc-> use of computer.
  • The other more of telecommunication like telephone, mobiles, satellites etc also uses the computer for their operations.
  • Even the traditional communications like post, courier etc rely on the use of computer for storing the data and managing their work.
  • Apart from computers, various other devices are used in telecommunication systems like  Tablet PCs, smart phones, portable media players, GPS, cable television lines and telephone lines. However, the computer is definitely the bloodline of the communication system.
• Role of computer in business:
  • Business organizations now have a number of facts and a lot of numbers to be processed. So many businesses have started using the computer, for example to calculate the salary, to identify the goods sold and are still in stock, to issue and send or receive business statements, letters, invoices and more.
  • The use of computers and office equipment to assist other managers, clerks, and the management of office automation mentioned.
• In Banking and Financial:
  • Processing data involving savings accounts, fixed deposits, loans, investments, profitability analysis, and so on are among the organizations operating budget.
  • electronic fund transfer activities.
• In Industrial Areas:
• In Medical;
  • the emerging fields of computational systems biology and population genomics analysis.
  • Disease similation, vaccine generation etc.
• In education
• In government: e-governmence, project monitoring (e.g. PRAGATI), Grievance redressal (e.g. CPGRAM)
• In entertainment

The state of computer technology in India:

• Since its invention in 1948, electronic computers have changed the way worldworks.
• TIFRAC (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Automatic Calculator) was the first computer developed (in 1956) in India, at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai.
• In the contemporary world economy India is the largest exporter of IT. Exports dominate the Indian IT industry and constitute about 79% of the industry’s total revenue. However, the domestic market is also significant, with robust revenue growth.
• India has become the digital capabilities hub of the world with around 75 per cent of global digital talent present in the country.
• The list of world’s fastest super computers is out. The bi-annual list called TOP500 is dominated by China and the US. There are also two Indian supercomputers in the list, ranked at No. 57 and No. 100.
• However, India’s share in the global software product market is miniscule and the country remains a net importer of software products.
  • Currently the global software product market is valued at $438 billion and India’s share in this is miniscule.
  • Of the total software business of $8.2 billion in the country, India’s exports amount to just $2 billion.
• India has done well in software services and our next big opportunity is in software products. There will be $1 trillion opportunity in the software production by 2025 and India has a great chance to tap it.

Use of Super computers :

• weather forecasting, Disaster management, quantum mechanics, climate research, oil and gas exploration, molecular modeling, physical simulations. etc.
  • PARAM 8000 was the first super computer in India.
  • Pratyush and Mihir are the fastest supercomputer in India.