Q. The following graph shows the expenditure on arms of the three countries A, B and C (in ₹ thousand millions). Answer the questions that follow on the basis of the graph:
(a) Which country had the steepest rise in its expenditure on arms compared to the previous year and in which year? (5)
Ans:
Steepest rise in expenditure on arms is seen in 2014-15:
Increase in country A: 3.25 – 2.0 = 1.25
Increase in country B: 3.5 – 2.9 = 0.6
Increase in country C: 4 – 3.25 = 0.75
Country A had the steepest rise in its expenditure on arms compared to the previous year and in 2014-2015.
(b) What was the percentage increase in expenditure on arms of country A in 2017 compared to 2012? (5)
Ans:
The increase in expenditure on arms of country A in 2012 = 1.5
The increase in expenditure on arms of country B in 2012 = 3.0
The percentage increase = ((3.9-1.5)/ 1.5)x 100 = 100% increase.
(c) The amount spent by country B in 2017 is what percentage of amount spent by it in 2011? (5)
Ans:
The amount spent by country B in 2017 = 3.2
“ “ “ in 2011 = 1.2.
Required percentage= (3.2/1.2)x100 = 266.67%
(d) If in 2018, the amount spent by country C will be 30% more than that in the last year and the amount spent by country A in 2018 remains same as that in 2017, what will be the difference between the amounts spent by the countries C and A in arms in the year 2018? (11)
Ans:
The amount spent by country C in 2017 = 3.30 (approx)
“ “ “ in 2018 = 3.3 ( 1+ 30/100) = 4.29
The amount spent by country A in 2017 = The amount spent by country A in 2018 = 3.0
The difference between the amounts spent by the countries C and A in arms in the year 2018
= 4.29 – 3.0 = 1.29 ₹ thousand millions
(e) What percentage of expenditure on arms should be increased by the countries A and B in 2015 so that the expenditure on arms by A, B and C becomes same for the year 2015? (10)
Ans:
The amount spent by country A in 2015 = 3.25
The amount spent by country B in 2015 = 3.5
The amount spent by country C in 2015 = 4.0
The required increase:
– in country A = (0.75/3.25)x 100 = 23.08%
– in country B = (0.50/ 3.5)x100 = 14.28%
