Q. The following graph shows the expenditure on arms of the three countries A, B and C (in ₹ thousand millions). Answer the questions that follow on the basis of the graph. [BPSC-60-62]

Q. The following graph shows the expenditure on arms of the three countries A, B and C (in thousand millions). Answer the questions that follow on the basis of the graph:

(a) Which country had the steepest rise in its expenditure on arms compared to the previous year and in which year? (5)

Ans:

Steepest rise in expenditure on arms is seen in 2014-15:

Increase in country A:  3.25 – 2.0  = 1.25

Increase in country B: 3.5 – 2.9 = 0.6

Increase in country C: 4 – 3.25 = 0.75

Country A had the steepest rise in its expenditure on arms compared to the previous year and in 2014-2015.

(b) What was the percentage increase in expenditure on arms of country A in 2017 compared to 2012? (5)

Ans:

The increase in expenditure on arms of country A in 2012 = 1.5

The increase in expenditure on arms of country B in 2012 = 3.0

The percentage increase = ((3.9-1.5)/ 1.5)x 100 = 100% increase.

(c) The amount spent by country B in 2017 is what percentage of amount spent by it in 2011? (5)

Ans:

The amount spent by country B in 2017 = 3.2

“                       “                          “   in 2011 = 1.2.

Required percentage= (3.2/1.2)x100 = 266.67%     

(d) If in 2018, the amount spent by country C will be 30% more than that in the last year and the amount spent by country A in 2018 remains same as that in 2017, what will be the difference between the amounts spent by the countries C and A in arms in the year 2018? (11)

Ans:

The amount spent by country C in 2017 = 3.30 (approx)

“                      “                             “  in 2018 = 3.3 ( 1+ 30/100) = 4.29

The amount spent by country A in 2017 = The amount spent by country A in 2018 = 3.0

The difference between the amounts spent by the countries C and A in arms in the year 2018

                                                      = 4.29 – 3.0 = 1.29 ₹ thousand millions

(e) What percentage of expenditure on arms should be increased by the countries A and B in 2015 so that the expenditure on arms by A, B and C becomes same for the year 2015?                                                       (10)    

Ans:

The amount spent by country A in 2015 = 3.25

The amount spent by country B in 2015 = 3.5

The amount spent by country C in 2015 = 4.0

The required increase:

– in country A = (0.75/3.25)x 100 = 23.08%

– in country B = (0.50/ 3.5)x100 = 14.28%

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